2022河南专升本公共英语真题及答案解析

Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete sentences. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage One

It was December 25. Marie, a 13-year-old Australian girl, was happy. It was Christmas and Marie's mother was making a very special cake. She put four small coins into the cake and then baked it. The four coins were for good luck. After dinner, Marie and her family ate the cake. They found three coins in the cake and put them on the table. Where was the fourth one? It was missing, but Marie's mother didn't notice.

After Christmas, Marie got sick. She coughed and couldn't speak. Marie's parents took her to hospital. Doctors at the hospital looked her over and then said, "We are sorry, but we can't help her." For 12 years, Marie didn't speak. But like other common people, she grew up, got a job and got married, One day, when Marie was 25 years old, she got a sore throat. She began to cough. She coughed up something small and black. What was it? Marie didn't know. She took it to a hospital. A doctor at the hospital said, "This is a coin!" The doctor told Marie, "I think you can speak again."

1、 How old was Marie when she became unable to speak? ______

A．She was 12.                            B．She was 13.

C．She was 25.                            D．She was 26.

2、 Where had the missing coin been? ______

A．In the cake.                           B．In Marie's throat.

C．On the table.                          D．At the hospital.

3、 Why did Marie's mother put coins into the cake? ______

A．Wish for health.                          B．Wish for a big fortune.

C．Wish for bad luck.                          D．Wish for good luck.

4、 According to the passage, which one is INCORRECT? ______

A．Marie's mother made a very special cake at Easter.

B．The fourth coin was missing.

C．After Christmas, the 13-year-old girl Marie couldn't speak.

D．Marie was unable to speak for 12 years.

5、 What can you infer from the passage? ______

A．Marie lived an unusual life after she got sick.

B．The coins in the cake brought good luck to Marie.

C．Marie couldn't speak because of the coin.

D．The coin looks the same as it did before.

Passage Two

Emotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason, as is suggested by phrases such as "appeal to emotions rather than reason" and "don't let your emotions take over". Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences or thoughts which people may later regret or disagree with, but during an emotional state, they could not control their actions. Thus, it is generally believed that one of the most distinctive facts about human beings is a contradiction between emotion and reason.

However, recent empirical studies do not suggest there is a clear distinction between reason and emotion. Indeed, anger or fear can often be thought of as an instinctive response to observed facts. The human mind possesses many possible reactions to the external world. Those reactions can lie on a continuum, with some of them involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic, which is often called "cold" , and others involving the extreme of pure emotion not related to logical agreement, which is called "the heat of passion". The relation between logic and emotion merits careful study. Passion, emotion, or feeling can reinforce an argument, even one based primarily on reason. This is especially true in religion or ideology, which frequently demands an all-or-nothing rejection or acceptance. In such areas of thought, human beings have to adopt a comprehensive view partly backed by empirical argument and partly by feeling and passion. Moreover, several researchers have suggested that typically there is no "pure" decision or thought; that is, no thought is based "purely" on intellectual logic or "purely"  on emotion—most decisions are founded on a mixture of both.

6、 What result may come from emotional reactions? ______

A．Sometimes people may regret later.

B．Often people may be in despair later.

C．Always people accept the consequence later.

D．Mostly people may feel satisfied with their emotional reactions.

7、 Why does the writer mention the phrase "appeal to emotions rather than reason"? ______

A．To help explain why people can not control their actions.

B．To show that emotion is more important than reason.

C．To indicate that emotional reaction will create bad effects.

D．To help explain the view just mentioned above.

8、 Which of the following does not belong to emotion? ______

A．Anger.                      B．Fear.

C．Logic.                       D．Passion.

9、 What does the writer mean by "cold"? ______

A．Thinking things extremely rationally.

B．Thinking things extremely emotionally.

C．Involving the pure happiness.

D．Involving the pure fear.

10、 What is the conclusion of the passage? ______

A．Emotion is the opposite of reason.

B．The most distinctive fact about human beings is a contradiction between emotion and reason.

C．Most decisions are founded on a mixture of emotion and reason.

D．Passion, emotion, or feeling can not reinforce an argument, even one based primarily on reason.

Passage Three

China's birth rate has been falling since 2016—for example, 12 million new births were recorded in 2020, but the number is expected to drop below 10 million in 2021 despite a series of pronatalist policies taken by the government. And although the two-child policy introduced in 2016 caused an uptick in the number of newborns, it failed to reverse the falling birth rate trend.

Can the three-child policy introduced last year succeed where earlier favorable family planning policies failed?

The picture doesn't look good, though. China's birth rate in 2020 declined to 1.3 percent, far lower than the replacement rate of 2.1, according to the seventh national census results. Since the population of women of childbearing age in China has reached its peak, it will continue to decline.

From the perspective of economics, having children is essentially an economic decision. The costs and benefits of having a child play a key role in such families' decision.

As for benefits, children carry on the family name and can help strengthen the bond between a man and a woman. And having children gives an assurance to parents that they will have someone to take care of them when they get old.

When it comes to costs, women have to endure physical and mental stress to give birth and bring up children. Childbirth is painful and, in extreme cases, could be fatal. Also, new mothers, in general, find it difficult to adjust family and work life. Plus, having children also means additional expenses and in some cases cutting costs to provide good education for the children, as well as dedicating huge amounts of time to bringing them up.

Apparently, people tend to have more children if there are more benefits and fewer children if the costs outweigh the benefits. That most couples today prefer to have just one child means there are more costs than benefits of having more children.

Besides, with the improvement of the pension system in China, elderly people today depend less on their offspring, and thanks to the continuous increase in the number of well-educated and financially independent women, quite a few young women consider marriage more of an option than a necessity. These factors have also played a role in the decline in the birth rate.

Moreover, because of the shortage of quality education and good schools, parents have to spend large amounts of money and time to ensure their children get admitted to good schools and colleges so they can get quality education, leading to frequent arguments and conflicts in families, and prompting many couples not to have a second, let alone a third, child. The stress and tension of parents infect children. And stress and unhappiness could undermine the mental health of a child.

To address these problems, especially to reduce the education burden of students, and by default their parents, the government introduced some policies, including the "double reduction" policy, recently.

High housing prices are also discouraging many young couples from having children. Cities and towns where housing prices are relatively low usually have higher fertility rates around the world.

More importantly, in most cases, women still shoulder most of the responsibilities of bringing up a child, and experts and surveys say women usually find themselves at a disadvantage at the workplace after giving birth.

In Denmark, an advanced economy, for example, working mothers get lower salaries compared with men even 20 years after giving birth despite having the same education level and years of experience. While a longer paid maternity leave may protect women from being dismissed or demoted, such women are still ignored when it comes to promotion and increments. In fact, studies show that a longer paid maternity leave has little effect on boosting the fertility rate if women are more concerned about their career prospects.

But there is no need to be over-pessimistic. Children still play an indispensable role in a family, and despite the improving social services, many grown-up children still take care of their aged parents.

Apart from improving education quality and reining in housing prices, however, the government should also take measures to meet the real needs of working mothers, in order to boost the birth rate. For instance, establishing more day childcare centers can free working mothers of the responsibility of taking care of children by neglecting their jobs.

In East Asia, the low fertility rate is largely attributed to women's lower position in the family. Many women are tired of rushing back and forth between work and housework, while men are rarely extending a helping hand. So they have decided not to marry, and if they marry, not to have children. Thus men have to shoulder their part of the social and familial responsibilities to promote gender equality. It will not only promote domestic harmony but also help increase the fertility rate.

11、 What does the underlined word "uptick" in Paragraph one mean? ______

A．A small increase.                                 B．A small decrease.

C．A great increase.                         D．A great decrease.

12、 Which of the following is NOT the benefit of having a child in a family? ______

A．Carrying on the family name.

B．Helping strengthen the bond between a man and a woman.

C．Giving an assurance to parents.

D．Preventing parents from getting old.

13、 Why do women hesitate to give birth? ______

A．Because they have no time to bring up children.

B．Because they don't like children.

C．Because they have to dedicate more time and money, as well as endure physical and mental stress.

D．Because they are afraid that there is no good education for the children.

14、 What may women encounter in the workplace after giving birth? ______

A．They will get lower salaries.

B．They will be dismissed.

C．They will get promotion.

D．They will get increments.

15、 If men shoulder their part of the social and familial responsibilities, which is likely to happen? ______

A．Helping decrease the fertility rate.

B．Causing domestic disharmony.

C．Promoting the fertility rate.

D．Lowering women's position.

Passage Four

With the coming of the Internet, online communities have figured out a way to generate profit from the sharing of those underused property. Using websites and social media groups that facilitate the buying and selling of second-hand goods, it is now easier than ever for peer-to-peer sharing activities to take place. And this is known as the sharing economy.

These popular online platforms are providing a chance for people to make a quick fortune. To give an example, busy parents previously might not have bothered with setting up a stall at the local market to sell their children's old equipment, but with online marketplaces, parents are now able to sell on those hardly worn baby clothes that their children have outgrown so as to put some cash back into their pockets.

Businesses have also caught on to the profitability of the sharing economy and are seeking to gain from making use of those underutilized resources. Companies like Airbnb act as a middleman for people to cash in on their unused rooms and houses and let them out as profitable accommodation. Another example is Uber, which encourages people to use their own personal cars as taxis to make some extra cash in their free time.

This move towards a sharing economy is not without criticisms. Unlike businesses, unregulated individuals do not have to follow certain regulations and this can lead to poorer and inconsistent quality of goods and services and a higher risk of fraud. Nevertheless, in the consumerist society we live in today, the increased opportunities to sell on our unwanted and underused goods can lead to a lesser impact on our environment.

16、 Why can people now sell things more easily? ______

A．Because people nowadays buy more things.

B．Because businesses want to buy the things they don't use.

C．Because there are now more market stalls.

D．Because there are now online platforms to do business.

17、 Which of the following is something that we might underutilize? ______

A．A thick coat in a cold country.

B．Clothes our babies don't or can't wear any more.

C．The latest smart phone.

D．The new cupboard in our house.

18、 Why do people get involved in the sharing economy? ______

A．Because they want to set up a stall.

B．Because they want to recycle the underused things.

C．Because they want to make a fortune.

D．Because they want to protect the environment.

19、 It might cause problems when unregulated individuals sell things to others because ______.

A．what they sell might be of a lower quality

B．they have to follow certain regulations

C．they don't have a business license

D．they like to criticize their buyers

20、 What might be a suitable title for this article? ______

A．The Consumerist Society

B．Parents Who Need Money

C．The Rise of the Sharing Economy

D．Why We Buy Things We Don't Need

Part Ⅱ Cloze

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

In the early 1990s, an Australian friend and I travelled to Lijiang for a summer vacation. We hired a local  21   Wang who was a gentleman with  22   manners. It was so hot that we took delight in drinking cool  23  . We politely offered Wang but he  24  . We said nothing and drank our beer, while poor Wang watched. One day Wang must have been desperate because he  25   the first offer. Only  26   I saw that Wang in fact liked beer very much, did it then occur to me to ask him  27   maybe in China it was not polite to accept the  28   offer.

Several months ago, a friend of mine invited a young Chinese lady home for dinner. The young lady had just  29   in America for a work-study year.  30   her hosts knew that Chinese have a  31   sense of politeness in social situations, they expected to have to  32   the young lady repeatedly to help herself  33   the dinner dishes. They had been told that, in China,  34   of proffered food is considered polite and further refusal is even more polite. Some intercultural trainers advised western hosts to  35   three times so that Chinese guests can politely refuse twice and that be persuaded to accept the  36   time.  37  , the young lady's first words as she came through the door were, "Oh, I'm starving. I hope you don't mind  38   I eat a lot!" Contrary to the American hosts'  39  , she didn't hesitate at all  40   herself to the food and didn't need to be urged.

21、A. offer        B．policeman       C．guide          D．worker

22、A. poor       B．adequate        C．good          D．no

23、A. water       B．beer           C．sodas          D．juice

24、A. accepted     B．refused         C．opposed        D．agreed

25、A. accepted       B．refused             C．to accept           D．to refuse

26、A. that        B．if             C．when           D．since

27、A. it          B．whether         C．whatever         D．to

28、A. first         B．second          C．third           D．last

29、A. came       B．reached        C．got           D．arrived

30、A. But         B．Since           C．If             D．Hence

31、A. strong      B．no            C．weak          D．many

32、A. enforce      B．argue          C．help          D．urge

33、A. at          B．on            C．to             D．with

34、A. require      B．reuse          C．record         D．refusal

35、A. give        B．offer           C．help           D．tell

36、A. first        B．second         C．third          D．only

37、A. In a word       B．However            C．In addition          D．Therefore

38、A. that         B．whether          C．if              D．so

39、A. imagination   B. expectation       C．impression       D．illusion

40、A. help           B．helping            C．to help            D．helped

Part Ⅲ True or False

Directions: Read the passage and then decide whether the following statements are True or False. You should mark A or B on the Answer Sheet, A for True and B for False. (2×5)

Have you ever felt your mind getting confused after a sleepless night and you couldn't come up with an original thought no matter how hard you tried?

You were probably right if you thought that was caused by a lack of sleep. Dr. Home, a sleep researcher in England, studied 24 college students. One group got their normal eight hours of sleep. The other group didn't get any sleep at all—they stayed awake all night. The next day, Dr. Home tested the students. He asked them questions that required creative and original thinking. One of the questions was "How many uses can a box be put to?"

The results? The wide-awake students did well on the tests. The tired students did poorly. Research has already shown that tired people can do okay on tests of routine thinking, like simple addition. But Dr. Home tested creative thinking only.

As part of his study, he offered an amount of money as a reward to the tired students if they did well. But even this encouragement wasn't enough to help the students overcome their tiredness. They still did poorly. Dr. Home believes that the part of the brain where thinking takes place may get worn out during waking hours. Sleep may help to repair the brain overnight. Without any sleep, he emphasizes, "even if you think harder, you cannot do better."

This study gives people something to think about, especially people like hospital workers and airplane pilots, who must stay awake all night and then make emergency decisions.

41、According to the passage, the confusion of your mind is possibly due to the lack of sleep.

42、Tired people can do everything EXCEPT telling other people their names.

43、The purpose of Dr. Home to offer a lot of money to the sleepy students is to encourage them to do better.

44、Sleep might help people repair the brain which may get worn out during waking hours.

45、Students might be better instructed in their homework after reading this passage.

Part Ⅳ Translation

Section A

Directions: There are 5 sentences in this part. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

46、He accepted the terms without the least hesitation.

A．他毫不犹豫地接受了这些条款。

B．他毫不犹豫地拒绝了这些条款。

C．他犹豫了一下，然后拒绝了这些条款。

D．他犹豫了一下，然后接受了这些条款。

47、The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.

A．昨天晚上看的电影很有趣。

B．对昨天晚上看的电影很感兴趣。

C．我们昨天晚上看的那部电影的确有趣。

D．我们昨天晚上看了一部不太有趣的电影。

48、There is no such thing as a stupid question when you're starting a job.

A．在你开始一份工作时，提什么问题都会让人觉得愚蠢。

B．在你开始一份工作时，没有什么问题是愚蠢的。

C．在你开始一份工作时，没有什么事情像一个愚蠢的问题。

D．在你开始一份工作时，没有如此愚蠢的一个问题。

49、Every time he receives tourists, he introduces the local culture and tells them to protect the forest.

A．每当他接待游客，他都会引进当地的文化，而且还会告诉他们要保护森林。

B．无论何时他接待游客，他都会介绍当地的文化，而且还会告诉他们要保护森林。

C．无论何时接待游客，他都会引进文化，而且还会告诉他们要保护森林。

D．每当他接待游客，他都会介绍当地的文化，而且还会告诉他们要保护森林。

50、Flames are carried on foot by runners, but other modes have also been used.

A．火炬手徒步传递圣火，但也将使用其他交通工具。

B．跑步者通过徒步的方式完成圣火传递，但也将使用其他的交通工具。

C．火炬手通过徒步的方式传递圣火，但也用了其他的交通工具。

D．跑步者徒步传递圣火，但也用了其他的交通工具。

Section B

Directions: Choose the appropriate translation to fill in each blank to make the following paragraph meaningful and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

汉服是中国传统服饰之一。“汉服”一词是近年来被网友们发明出来的。今天，“穿汉服 复兴文化”已变得越来越流行，特别是在年轻的一代中。许多支持者认为汉服的复兴给他们 带来了一种民族认同感。汉服甚至成为中国汉服爱好者的日常服饰。他们为中国人民拥有如 此美丽的传统服装感到骄傲。穿汉服就好比是穿了一个文化符号。

Hanfu is one of the traditional types of Chinese clothing. The term "Hanfu"  51   in recent years by netizens. Nowadays, "wearing Hanfu costumes and reviving the culture" has become  52   popular, especially among  53  . Many supporters believe that the renaissance of Hanfu brings them  54  . Hanfu even becomes the daily costume of the Hanfu enthusiasts in China. They are proud that Chinese people have such beautiful  55  . Wearing Hanfu can be compared with wearing a cultural icon.

A. the young person

B. especially

C. was discovered

D. the younger generation

E. was coined

F. traditional clothing

G. feeling of recognition

H. increasingly

I. traditional dress

J. a sense of national identity

Section C

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

56、请在明天早上8点开车去接李教授。

57、他的考试成绩非常令人失望。

58、你更喜欢哪一种，中餐还是西餐?

59、在这个会议上，政府提倡男女就业机会平等。

60、有几个孩子正在游泳池里游泳。

Part Ⅴ Error Correction

Directions: There are 10 sentences in this part. Each sentence has 4 underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. You are required to identify the incorrect part, and then write the corresponding letter and the correct answer on the Answer Sheet.

61、Don't be afraid of talking with someone who is different with you.

62、This is the most interesting book which I have ever read.

63、If I am you, I wouldn't be wasting much time chatting on the Internet.

64、What is the name of the town in that you live?

65、I look forward to see you at your office on July 18th.

66、Now Tom lives in a small apartment and his dog, getting by on Social Security.

67、China has thousands of islands, the largest of them is Taiwan.

68、There are many reports of people feel lonely when they quit social media.

69、The lion dance perform on Tuesday is to celebrate the last day of Chinese New Year.

70、My first impressions of John was that he was smart and not bad-looking.

Part Ⅵ Writing

71、Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition, based on the material below.

You should write at least 120 words.

请阅读提炼观点，实际举例论证，题目自拟。

Success is the ability to go from failure to failure without losing enthusiasm. J. K. Rowling, the author of the famous Harry Potter novels, wrote her books during her work breaks. Tapping into her vivid imagination, she created a world that sold more than 500 million books and became hit movies. She is regarded as one of the most successful fiction authors in history, with an estimated net worth of $650 million. However, her success didn't come easy. She was rejected by publishers for dozens of times before one took a chance on her.

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